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| FM/DM threads Everything about FM/DM in CoD |
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"Based on the current evidence (feel free to add new sources showing 100 octane at the said airfield during the Battle and I'll update the list) shows that 100 octane aviation spirit was supplied to 8 out of 19 Sector Airfields 9 out of 32 Fighter Airfields (however 7 of the 32 functioning as satellite airfield for rotation etc., with no Sqn permanently based there)." Which follows that appearantly 11 Sector Airfields and 23 Fighter airfields show no evidence at all that they have been supplied by anything else but the standard 87 octane. Of course even in the rest of the airfields its rather difficult to find out from what time is there any evidence to 100 octane fuel supply - for some airfields we have for example combat reports from October 1940, and they may or may not have been supplied with 100 octane earlier. In 11 Group, 87 octane airfields apparently include, at the current level of evidence RAF Debden. RAF Debden was home to the Debden Sector Operations Room and Staff, and the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 85 Squadron from 22 May 1940 No 17 Squadron from 19 June 1940 No 257 Squadron from 15 August 1940 No 601 Squadron from 19 August 1940 No 111 Squadron from 19 August 1940 No 17 Squadron from 2 September 1940 No 25 Squadron from 8 October 1940 RAF Detling. Detling was one of the 11 Group satellite airfields used by units on a day-to-day basis as required, often flights or squadrons would detach to such an airfield in the morning and return to their main operating and maintenance base in the evening. RAF Eastchurch. RAF Eastchurch was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 266 Squadron from 12 August 1940 RAF Ford. RAF Ford was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 23 Squadron from 12 September 1940 RAF Gosport. Gosport was, along with Lee-on-Solent, one of the Royal Navy's airfields used in the defence of Southampton and Portsmouth. Royal Navy fighters were permanently based there, and occasionally RAF units were detached, using the airfield in the same way as a satellite or relief landing ground. RAF Hendon. RAF Hendon was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 257 Squadron from 17 May 1940 No 504 Squadron from 5 September 1940 RAF Lee on Solent. Lee on Solent was, along with Gosport, one of the Royal Navy's airfields used in the defence of Southampton and Portsmouth. Royal Navy fighters were permanently based there, and occasionally RAF units were detached, using the airfield in the same way as a satellite or relief landing ground. RAF Lympne. Lympne was one of the 11 Group satellite airfields used by units on a day-to-day basis as required, often flights or squadrons would detach to such an airfield in the morning and return to their main operating and maintenance base in the evening. Due to the extreme forward position of this site it was under constant threat of attack and was not permanently manned during the Battle by any one Squadron. RAF Manston. RAF Manston was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 604 Squadron from 15 May 1940 No 600 Squadron from 20 June 1940 RAF Martlesham. RAF Martlesham was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 25 Squadron from 19 June 1940 No 257 Squadron from 5 September 1940 No 17 Squadron from 8 October 1940 RAF Stapleford. RAF Stapleford was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 151 Squadron from 29 August 1940 No 46 Squadron from 1 September 1940 RAF Thorney Island. RAF Thorney Island was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 236 Squadron from 4 July 1940 RAF West Malling. RAF West Malling was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 141 Squadron from 12 July 1940 No 66 Squadron from 30 October 1940 In 10 Group, 87 octane airfields apparently include, at the current level of evidence> RAF Filton. RAF Filton was home to the Filton Sector Operations Room and Staff, and the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 504 Squadron from 26 September 1940 RAF Boscombe Down. RAF Boscombe Down was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 249 Squadron from 14 August 1940 No 56 Squadron from 1 September 1940 RAF Colerne. RAF Colerne was used as a satellite and relief airfield for Middle Wallop during the Battle, units rotated in and out of the station on a daily basis. RAF Exeter. RAF Exeter was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 213 Squadron from 18 June 1940 No 87 Squadron from 5 July 1940 No 601 Squadron from 7 September 1940 RAF Pembrey. RAF Pembrey was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 92 Squadron from 18 June 1940 No 79 Squadron from 8 September 1940 RAF Roborough. RAF Roborough was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 247 Squadron from 1 August 1940 RAF St Eval. RAF St Eval was home to the following Squadrons during the Battle: No 222 Squadron from 18 June 1940 No 236 Squadron from 8 August 1940 No 238 Squadron from 14 August 1940 No 222 Squadron from 11 September 1940
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Il-2Bugtracker: Feature #200: Missing 100 octane subtypes of Bf 109E and Bf 110C http://www.il2bugtracker.com/issues/200 Il-2Bugtracker: Bug #415: Spitfire Mk I, Ia, and Mk II: Stability and Control http://www.il2bugtracker.com/issues/415 Kurfürst - Your resource site on Bf 109 performance! http://kurfurst.org
Last edited by Kurfürst; 02-23-2012 at 08:11 PM. |
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NB: Not all aircraft returned with empty tanks and RAF policy was to refill each aircraft as soon as possible after landing, or each evening or early morning, to avoid vapour traps. Blenheims were the only other aircraft known to have used 100 Octane fuel, albeit only in their outer wing fuel tanks, making things complicated for the poor pilots. (Warner, The Bristol Blenheim:A Complete History 2nd ed, page 100.) Merlin III & XIIs could still use 87 octane fuel, hence training flights and other secondary flight duties, such as delivery, ferry flights, etc could use 87 octane fuel instead of 100. Other aircraft known to have been using 100 Octane fuel were a small number of Beaufighters and PR Spitfires. Westland Whirlwinds still used, and continued to use 87 Octane right through their operational lives. Quote:
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The HX convoys incorporated cargo ships, some of which carried aviation fuel, and tankers: many of the latter had sailed from refineries in the West Indies and America. The BHX series sailed from Bermuda, starting in May 1940 (BHX.41), and joined the main HX convoys in Halifax. Some of the tankers from the HX convoys diverted to French ports, enough to supply the RAF fighters in France. From the HX series of convoys alone (HX 11, 13, 31, 33-35, 40, 43, 49, 55, 57-59, 64-68, 70, 73, 76) 44 tankers carrying AVGAS arrived in British or French ports; one tanker was destroyed by a mine in the Bristol channel. This contradicts the assertion in Shacklady and Morgan that ...large numbers of tankers were sunk by German submarines... Another reputable secondary source is "Oil" by Payton-Smith which, as noted, is the official war history. He notes that "...in the summer of 1940 there was a surplus of these ships (tankers) because of the incorporation into the British merchant marine of tanker fleets from countries over-run by Germany." pp. 128–130. Quote:
In "Oil" (Official Second WW history) Payton-Smith said: "By 1939...The prospects of securing sufficient supplies of 100-octane fuel in addition to the 87-octane petrol required for non-operational flying looked doubtful...(he goes on to state on page 57)...It was true that by 1939 it seemed increasingly unlikely that American supplies would be withheld. But to have accepted anything less than absolute certainty, to have depended on the goodwill of foreign suppliers to meet the essential needs of the Royal Air Force, would have been a radical break with traditions that had governed British oil policy since long before the First World War." Meaning that the pre-war planning papers quoted by KF were being conservative in their estimates, as per a long held tradition. Payton-Smith went on to say: "...this problem (supply of 100 Octane aviation fuel) disappeared; production of the new fuel in the US, and in other parts of the world, increased more quickly than expected with the adoption of new refining techniques." pp. 259-260 Interesting how KF resorts to pre-war planning documents to say what happened up to 16 months later, during the Battle of Britain, yet cannot provide primary documentation to prove that the situations discussed up to two years earlier actually eventuated in 1940. And his assertions about "doctored" documents when his own documentation is so shoddy and questionable? Quote:
Interesting to note that Merlin engines using 100 Octane fuel were being built in 1938, as well as C.P propellers http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchi...0-%203453.html Last edited by NZtyphoon; 02-23-2012 at 10:29 PM. Reason: Minor grammatical changes |
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#3
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Hi NZtyphoon:
One small correction if I may regarding the Westland Whirlwind: ![]() |
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#4
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Posting 92 in attached thread http://www.ww2aircraft.net/forum/avi...a-20108-7.html PS Its worth noting that the key to this Pips was a decision made by the War Cabinet to stop roll out of 100 octane. Earlier in this thread I did give KF the file nos for the War Cabinet minutes to look at on line, so he could confirm the Pips theory. I would be interested to see if he has done this easy, available and free basic check and let us know what it said. Last edited by Glider; 02-24-2012 at 02:58 PM. |
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#5
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I am afraid I have posted the 87 and 100 octane fuel consumption during the Battle, which is a primary source, the May 18 decision that explicitly says that 100 octane is not issued to all Fighter Squadrons, as well as the earlier decision in agreement that the plans were for 16 fighter and 2 bomber Squadrons, by September 1940. Of course the sour in your mouth about the other pre-war papers is that they note that British 100 octane fuel programme was fueled by fear that the Germans could much more easily produce great quantities via their synthetic process. And yes I have also made reference to the paper Pips found, and yes you are lying when you say that "the Australian National Archives themselves cannot find it", and not for the first time. Quote:
You seem to have reading comprehension problems when you believe that when I write ALL commands I meant OTHER commands. But I agree, its not a big deal, everyone else but you seemed to get it. Quote:
Or did Spitfires after landing at a fighter base quickly drain their tanks of 100 octane, refill with 87 octane to fly training flights, move between airfields, and then drained the tanks of 87 octane and refilled again with 100 octane? If this happened, they surely made a big fuss in 1940 just to support some silly-ass speculation of a Spitfire-fan in 2012 didn't they. Quote:
[QUOTE][QUOTE]Originally Posted by Kurfürst Its also completely in line with what an unquestionably reputable secondary source, Morgan nad Shacklady's ultimate Spitfire book, 'Spitfire: The History' notes about the initial uncertainity of 100 octane shipments (as all 100 octane had to be imported from overseas). Quote:
Morgan nad Shacklady writes of concerning tanker losses, while you write of tanker losses in convoys (obviously a lot of them weren't travelling in one), and then further limited your 'research' to the HX convoys (obviously again not all tankers went through HX convoys), and then even further limited to scope to 'tankers carrying AVGAS' (obviously again a tanker capacity lost is a tanker lost - if it also carried some kind of fuel it was even worse, but a tanker sunk with ballast en route to America was just as painful for shipping space as a tanker lost inbound to Britain). This is how tanker losses suddenly became 'tanker losses carrying avgas while travelling in convoys in the HX series convoys'. Its a classic straw-man argument. Now, anyone who searches back in this thread will find the actual figures for British / Allied tanker losses in the period, they were quite serious indeed, iirc several hundred thousends of GRT worth. Mines, torpedo planes and bombers, uboots all took their toll. I don't bother to post them again. Quote:
What seems to be at odds is Payton-Smith and Morgan-Shacklady, but your humble - and rather untrustworthy - interpretation and quoting of Payton-Smith vs. Payton-Smith's interpretation by rather distinguished British aviation historians. Quote:
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To me it seems you are cherry picking quotes out of the context and putting them together from two hundred page apart. For example, what is the context "...this problem (supply of 100 Octane aviation fuel) disappeared on pg. 259? Does the second quote it even remotely related to 1939-1940, or you just frankensteined them together? Quote:
The March 1939 papers speak of 16 fighter and 2 bomber squadrons, the May 1940 papers speak of the fighter and bomber squadrons 'concerned'. Not a single paper could be found or supplied that would say that or hint that all of Fighter Command is to be converted to 100 octane fuel. Its quite clear to any reasonable man. Quote:
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Il-2Bugtracker: Feature #200: Missing 100 octane subtypes of Bf 109E and Bf 110C http://www.il2bugtracker.com/issues/200 Il-2Bugtracker: Bug #415: Spitfire Mk I, Ia, and Mk II: Stability and Control http://www.il2bugtracker.com/issues/415 Kurfürst - Your resource site on Bf 109 performance! http://kurfurst.org
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#6
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Tanker losses to all causes, I have gathered a total of 78(!!) tankers were sunk by mine, U-boot (typically), aircraft and raiders, between September 1939 and November 1940. About 90% of them were British, though there are a couple of Swedish, Dutch, French etc. tankers I have them by name, date, cause of loss, route, cargo, tonnage and so on. For example indeed one tanker that went through Halifax, Inverdagle (9456 tons) was sunk by mines laid by the submarine U 34, with 12 500 tons of avgas - about a month worth consumption of 100 octane, though I am not sure what grade it actually carried - on the 16 January 1940. The first one was Regent Tiger, with about 15 000 tons of oil products, five days after Britain declared war on Germany. The worst blow was possibly the sinking of 13 000 ton San Fernando by the fabled U-47 on the 21 June 1940 (U-43 got another one on the same day). This one alone carried 18 000 tons of oil product that never reached Liverpool. Alltogether 558,260 GRT of tankers went to Davy Jones locker, by the end of November 1940, along with 385,957 tons of oil product. Half of that, ca. 243 000 GRT worth of tankers were sunk by the end May 1940. Fuel oil was the greatest loss, 116 000 tons of it went down with tankers (luckily, no green peace back then). Avgas seems quite untypical as a load, but in the end it didn't really matter, because if a tanker sunk with diesel oil, or even empty, the next one had to haul about its cargo again. Tanker losses were serious, unfortunately.
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Il-2Bugtracker: Feature #200: Missing 100 octane subtypes of Bf 109E and Bf 110C http://www.il2bugtracker.com/issues/200 Il-2Bugtracker: Bug #415: Spitfire Mk I, Ia, and Mk II: Stability and Control http://www.il2bugtracker.com/issues/415 Kurfürst - Your resource site on Bf 109 performance! http://kurfurst.org
Last edited by Kurfürst; 02-25-2012 at 12:56 AM. |
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#7
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Vessel Pdt. Tons Built Cargo Notes
SC 21 AMSCO (Br) 72 4,627 1920 Crude Oil SC3 NOREG (Nor) 43 7,605 1931 Fuel Oil SC4 SUDERHOLM (Nor) 73 4,908 1917 Fuel Oil WOENSDRECHT (Du) 52 4,668 1926 Avgas RETURNED SC5 WOENSDRECHT (Du) 81 4,668 1926 Avgas SC6 STANMOUNT (Br) 43 4,468 1914 Crude Oil SC9 GLOXINIA (Br) 61 3,336 1920 Lub Oil SC14 SOLSTEN (Nor) 42 5,379 1929 Petrol SC15 TAHCHEE (Br) 52 6,508 1914 Fuel Oil The above are ships in SC convoys carrying petro gargoes for 1939 and 1940 The below are ships in HX convoys carrying petro cargoes just in 1939. HX LANGUEDOC (Fr) * 9,512 1937 crude oil Le Havre HX3 ONTARIOLITE (Br) 63 8,889 1925 crude oil Le Havre HX4 ELONA (Br) 61 6,192 1936 lub oil HX5 SAN ERNESTO (Br) 51 8,078 1939 petrol VACLITE (Br) 32 5,026 1928 lub oil HX6 CADILLAC (Br) 72 12,062 1917 PETROL D L HARPER (Br) 54 12,223 1933 CRUDE OIL DARONIA (Br) 47 8,139 1939 PETROL ECLIPSE (Br) 62 9,767 1931 CRUDE OIL HAVRE F J WOLFE (Pan) 53 12,190 1932 CRUDE OIL FRANCHE-COMTE (Br) 75 9,314 1936 PETROL BORDEAUX LUSTROUS (Br) 95 6,156 1927 CRUDE OIL PAUILLAC NARRAGANSETT (Br) 45 10,389 1936 PETROL PEDER BOGEN (Br) 91 9,741 1925 DIESO PENELOPE (Pan) 66 6,559 1925 CRUDE OIL RETURNED ROBERT F HAND (Br) 94 12,197 1933 PARAFFIN SAN CALISTO (Br) 81 8,010 1937 PARAFFIN SCOTTISH HEATHER (Br) 63 7,087 1928 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE VOCO (Br) 23 5,090 1925 LUB OIL HX7 EL MIRLO (Br) 42 8,092 1930 CRUDE OIL HORN SHELL (Br) 81 8,272 1931 FUEL OIL REGINOLITE (Br) 73 9,069 1926 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE SARANAC (Br) 23 12,049 1918 PETROL ROCAS (Br) 63 7,406 1927 FUEL OIL HX8 ADELLEN (Br) 83 7,984 1930 FUEL OIL COWRIE (Br) 52 8,197 1931 DIESO, FUEL OIL HEINRICH VON REIDEMANN (Pan) 83 11,020 1930 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE LUXOR (Br) 74 6,554 1930 AVGAS LE HAVRE MIRALDA (Br) 51 8,013 1936 DIESO, CRUDE OIL PELLICULA (Br) 54 6,254 1936 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE PERSEPHONE (Pan) 64 8,426 1925 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE PRESIDENT SERGENT (Fr) 72 5,344 1923 CRUDE OIL DUNKIRK SAN CONRADO (Br) 34 7,982 1936 PARAFFIN SAN FLORENTINO (Br) 24 12,842 1919 FUEL OIL VICTOLITE (Br) 53 11,410 1928 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE HX9 ARLETTA (Br) 22 4,870 1925 PETROL CERINTHUS (Br) 42 3,878 1930 LUB OIL CHARLES PRATT (Pan) 94 8,982 1916 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE CONCH (Br) 63 8,376 1931 PETROL DILOMA (Br) 34 8,146 1939 PETROL, PARAFFIN HARRY G SEIDEL (Pan) 83 10,354 1930 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE REGENT PANTHER (Br) 61 9,556 1937 PETROL SAN ADOLFO (Br) 64 7,365 1935 FUEL OIL SAN CIRILO (Br) 62 8,012 1937 PETROL SAN FABIAN (Br) 71 13,031 1922 FUEL OIL SAN TIBURCIO (Br) 33 5,995 1921 GAS OIL SAN UBALDO (Br) 23 5,999 1921 FUEL OIL VENETIA (Br) 73 5,728 1927 PETROL HX10 BRITISH WORKMAN (Br) 82 6,994 1922 PARAFFIN C O STILLMAN (Pan) 72 13,006 1928 CRUDE OIL CARONI RIVER (Br) 64 7,807 1928 DIESO CLIONA (Br) 93 8,375 1931 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE GOLD SHELL (Br) 74 8,208 1931 CRUDE OIL LUNULA (Br) 12 6,363 1927 AVGAS AN GASPAR (Br) 21 12,910 1921 FUEL OIL SCOTTISH CHIEF (Br) 94 7,006 1928 CRUDE OIL PAUILLAC VANCOLITE (Br) 83 11,404 1928 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE VICTOR ROSS (Br) 63 12,247 1933 FUEL OIL LE HAVRE HX11 ALDERSDALE (Br) 83 8,402 1937 FUEL OIL ATHELVISCOUNT (Br) 65 8,882 1929 FUEL OIL BRITISH UNION (Br) 92 6,987 1927 FUEL OIL CASPIA (Br) 52 6,018 1928 PETROL COMANCHEE (Br) 71 6,837 1936 LUB OIL EL GRILLO (Br) 93 7,264 1922 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE COTTISH MAIDEN (Br) 95 6,993 1921 CRUDE OIL DONGES ARAND (Br) 53 6,023 1927 AVGAS HX12 ARNDALE (Br) 34 8,296 1937 FUEL OIL ATHELCHIEF (Br) 94 10,000 1939 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE ATHELPRINCESS (Br) 81 8,882 1929 CRUDE OIL DUNKIRK FREDERICK S FALES (Br) 64 10,525 1939 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE GEORGE H JONES (Pan) 53 6,914 1919 CRUDE OIL JAMES McGEE (Pan) 84 9,859 1917 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE MACTRA (Br) 74 6,193 1936 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE MONTROLITE (Br) 63 11,309 1926 CRUDE OIL SAN FELIX (Br) 73 13,037 1921 FUEL OIL HX13 BEACONHILL (Pan) 42 6,941 1919 AVGAS CHAMA (Br) 73 8,077 1938 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE ERODONA (Br) 74 6,207 1937 LUB OIL AN ELISEO (Br) 43 8,042 1939 GAS OIL SAN FERNANDO (Br) 64 13,056 1919 CRUDE OIL LE HAVRE SAN GERARDO (Br) 32 12,915 1929 FUEL OIL SCHUYLKILL (Br) 52 8,965 1928 PETROL SOCONY (Br) 63 4,404 1936 AVGAS SOLARIUM (Br) 44 6,239 1936 PETROL W C TEAGLE (Br) 62 9,552 1917 CRUDE OIL SOUTHAMPTON from http://www.convoyweb.org.uk/hague/index.html |
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