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-   -   109 prop pitch (rpm) and the supercharger (http://forum.fulqrumpublishing.com/showthread.php?t=34328)

camber 09-17-2012 08:42 AM

Thanks robo, that clarifies the story considerably. As I don't have the book I was going on what text was available in this thread and online. It makes sense that the two situations (below FTH and above FTH) are different.

Increasing rpm and supercharger output at high alt will give access to higher boost, in fact the FTH will increase for any particular boost level. But it still seems odd to me that a useful strategy would be to attempt a cycle of rpm pulsing in between maximal power and thrust settings (with the conversion inefficiencies inherent in this). Once you give yourself permission for higher rpm (and boost/power) at height, then it seems more likely that an intermediate constant rpm than the extremes of your pulsing would deliver better performance.

I'm never sure whether doubting a historical pilot assertion is really appropriate from behind a computer in 2012, and Steinhilper could well be right that there was real edge doing the pulsing. However there are many examples of pilots using procedures that the engineers would have frowned upon to give a perceived edge. The edge may have been good for morale but vanishingly small or even a placebo.

My favorite example is the RAF bomber pilots who always turned on their IFF sets over Germany, in the belief that it confused radar operated searchlights. The brass encouraged it in the belief that it improved morale, the scientist RV Jones thought this was totally unacceptable as the IFF sets generated radiations that Germans could exploit for detection sooner or later.

NZtyphoon 09-17-2012 09:34 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by camber (Post 461645)
Crumpp as others have stated, Steinhilper is clearly not complaining that rookies fell behind because of their inability to manually duplicate a CSP (i.e. continuously changing their variable prop pitch for a constant optimal rpm).

From his account he believed that he could only get optimal performance from pulsing the rpm, i.e duplicating a CSP with the rpm control being moved back and forth. This seems a little odd, and we must consider that it wasn't actually true. Perhaps if the rookie pilot managed to manually control his rpm at an optimum value like a CSP, he could have overtaken Steinhilper busily pulsing his rpms back and forth.

It is hard to state a good technical reason why the pulsing would have helped. Steinhilper believed that the thrust from the rpm boost could only occur if rpm was dropped again, implying that the extra rpm was high enough to not increase thrust. Perhaps 109 pilots decided it was OK to exceed rpm limits if they only did pulses above the limit, they achieved some extra thrust and speed this way but mistook the reason. Or perhaps a quirk of 109 engine/supercharger/prop design did allow a small performance increment doing this over maintaining rpm at a constant optimal value.

Your explanation of CSP function are correct but not relevant to what Steinhilper described.

There is another possible explanation as to why pilots were doing this:

http://i91.photobucket.com/albums/k3...e/R-28002a.jpg
http://i91.photobucket.com/albums/k3...e/R-28001a.jpg

http://www.amazon.com/2800-Pratt-Whi.../dp/0768002729

If the hydraulic coupling of the supercharger was generating too much heat then the pilots had to take steps to cool the supercharger down

Pstyle's first post
Quote:

Originally Posted by pstyle (Post 460010)
Ulrich Steinhilper, in his auto-biography (chapter 16) , talks about managing the prop-pitch on the early (E3 and E4 variant) 109s during the Battle of Britain. He states that, in order to achieve max climb rate and airspeed (particularly at higher altitudes) one had to constantly increase and decrease the propeller pitch. Increasing the pitch would engage the supercharger, which would be run for a short period (i.e. a second or less?) to force more air into the cylinders, then the pitch would be dropped back down again to disengage the supercharger and convert the power gained into airspeed, and allowing the engine/ supercharger to rest.

Is this effect modelled in the game? Does this constant prop management to engage and disengage the supercharger, allowing for best continued speed?

My experience is that the prop control is modelled to move quite slowly in the 109 in the game. But perhaps the range over which this manipulation needs to occur is quite narrow, just either side of the supercharger threshold?

the hydraulically coupled supercharger was being "rested" and cooled.

IvanK 09-17-2012 12:00 PM

I am being a nit picker here (and thread drifter) Camber :)

"My favorite example is the RAF bomber pilots who always turned on their IFF sets over Germany, in the belief that it confused radar operated searchlights. The brass encouraged it in the belief that it improved morale, the scientist RV Jones thought this was totally unacceptable as the IFF sets generated radiations that Germans could exploit for detection sooner or later."

I think you are referring to "Monica" an active Tail warning radar. The Hun were quick to exploit it and home passively on it using devices like Flensburg. Using the basis of the radar equation they were capable of homing on it from twice the range it was capable of actually detecting them. This info was withheld from the crews (to their detriment) based on the good morale that Monica was a good defensive system.

camber 09-17-2012 12:20 PM

Drift away Ivan! You had me worried for a second there... :)

"Most Secret War" by RV Jones, p 275

"Bombers were frequently being caught in German searchlights, and the idea had grown up that the searchlight control could be upset if a bomber switched on its IFF radar recognition set, and so the bomber could then escape. The proffered explanation was that the searchlights were directed by radar which was somehow jammed by British IFF"

So I remembered a bit wrong, the IFF was only (pointlessly) switched on when a searchlight found the bomber or was nearby. Jones worried that the Germans would find a way to interrogate the IFF set to the bomber's detriment.

The Monica system problem sounds a bit similar, although Monica was an initially useful countermeasure which became a disadvantage, rather than being a placebo countermeasure from the beginning.

JtD 09-17-2012 04:02 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by David198502 (Post 461676)
yes we have tried it as a squad with different rpms at above 5000meters.
the outcome was, that there is no difference in speed(at least not that anyone could recognize a difference), although the ata rises with higher rpm that high.the only difference was, that those with higher rpm overheated their engines much quicker.

Thanks for posting your findings.

Crumpp 09-17-2012 04:19 PM

Quote:

Things had started to go wrong as we reached our operational height for the mission. When we flew at that height, the engine only just gave enough pull and we constatnly changed propeller pitch and RPM to improve performance.
At high altitudes, the airplane is essentially in slow flight for most of the envelope. That makes cooling harder and overboost conditions will heat the motor up faster.

If they wanted to use a limited overboost condition, they would be constantly changing rpm between maximum continious and higher limited overboost to cool the motor.

Not the same thing as maintaining constant rpm at the overboost condition to realize the speed gain. In otherwords, when you set the engine to say, 1.35ata @ 2400U/min, you will adjust pitch to maintain a constant 2400U/min rpm to achieve best performance.


Quote:

Ulrich Steinhilper, in his auto-biography (chapter 16) , talks about managing the prop-pitch on the early (E3 and E4 variant) 109s during the Battle of Britain. He states that, in order to achieve max climb rate and airspeed (particularly at higher altitudes) one had to constantly increase and decrease the propeller pitch.

You must change pitch, rpm, or airspeed. If you increase rpm and airspeed, you must coarsen the pitch to keep rpm steady and airspeed increasing.....

That is how it works.

Quote:

With a flat pitch we could increase the rpm of the engine and get more pressure from the supercharger.
Same as a CSP. Reduce pitch to increase rpm and then coarsen the pitch as the speed increases to take advantage of the new rpm setting.

Quote:

With a flat pitch we could increase the rpm of the engine and get more pressure from the supercharger. Then, by changing the piitch to a coarser setting, we could make up some speed.
Same as it ever was and what I have repeated for several pages....

RPM stays constant....

Quote:

Increasing the pitch would engage the supercharger, which would be run for a short period (i.e. a second or less?) to force more air into the cylinders, then the pitch would be dropped back down again to disengage the supercharger and convert the power gained into airspeed, and allowing the engine/ supercharger to rest.
They overloaded the super by increasing rpm at high altitude, the engine will have a cooling problem in a short time period.

A complete sidetrack as to how they are using the propeller and rpm to gain speed.

Robo. 09-17-2012 05:01 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Crumpp (Post 461799)

RPM stays constant....

They overloaded the super by increasing rpm at high altitude, the engine will have a cooling problem in a short time period.

See?

Crumpp 09-17-2012 05:06 PM

Quote:

See?
See what?

Look at the Operating Notes for any aircraft.

If I am in cruise flight and want to achieve maximum level speed, then I must change the settings from cruise manifold pressure and rpm to a higher limited overboost manifold pressure and rpm.

Performance occurs at the specific manifold pressure and rpm setting.

You must maintain that rpm setting at a constant rate.

In a selectable pitch propeller, this is done manually by coarseing the pitch to maintain a constant rpm.

Is that hard to understand or something? It must be as we have multiple pages on this simple concept.

macro 09-17-2012 05:18 PM

so RPM doesnt stay constant if pilots increase RPM at higher alts for more speed?

Robo. 09-17-2012 05:29 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by macro (Post 461824)
so RPM doesnt stay constant if pilots increase RPM at higher alts for more speed?

Of course it does. Best thing of keeping something unchanged is to change it, obviously.

I am trying hard to figure out why is this happening - reading this:

Quote:

In a selectable pitch propeller, this is done manually by coarseing the pitch to maintain a constant rpm.
...I reckon Crumpp is not aware of the fact that by coarseing the pitch in the 109 the rpm drops accordingly.

Crumpp wake up!


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